概述(shu)

      (precocious puberty)是(shi)指青春期提早(zao)出現即女性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)8歲(sui)(sui)以(yi)前(qian)出現性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)腺(xian)增大(da)和第二性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)征，或者(zhe)在(zai)10歲(sui)(sui)之前(qian)出現，男性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)9歲(sui)(sui)以(yi)前(qian)發育(yu)按發病機(ji)制的不(bu)同(tong)，性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)一般可分(fen)為兩大(da)類：促(cu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)腺(xian)激素釋放激素(GnRH)依(yi)賴性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)(真(zhen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu))和非GnRH依(yi)賴性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)(假性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu));前(qian)者(zhe)稱中樞性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)或完全(quan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)，后者(zhe)稱外周(zhou)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)此外，不(bu)完全(quan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)，如單(dan)純(chun)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)發育(yu)單(dan)純(chun)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)早(zao)現，有(you)學者(zhe)歸入青春發育(yu)的變(bian)異(yi)類型。

    分類

　　性早熟大體分(fen)為真(zhen)性和假性性早熟兩(liang)大類。

　　真性性早熟(shu)(shu),與正(zheng)常性成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)一樣，僅是提早發(fa)育(yu)。發(fa)育(yu)過程也按(an)正(zheng)常次序相繼出現，有(you)性月經(jing)周期和生(sheng)育(yu)能(neng)力。有(you)報告(gao)在5-10歲兒童發(fa)生(sheng)妊娠(shen)，分娩(mian)者。體質性因素，中(zhong)樞(shu)神經(jing)系統病變，腎(shen)上(shang)腺(xian)性征綜合征治(zhi)療后均(jun)有(you)可能(neng)導致性早熟(shu)(shu)。

　　假(jia)性(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)早熟是指第(di)二性(xing)(xing)(xing)征發(fa)(fa)育(yu)(yu)出現在(zai)卵(luan)巢發(fa)(fa)育(yu)(yu)前即(ji)可有生殖器發(fa)(fa)育(yu)(yu)，發(fa)(fa)育(yu)(yu)，及(ji)腋毛(mao)生長，而生育(yu)(yu)能力(li)不提前，或(huo)(huo)有無排卵(luan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)月經(jing)。有時也(ye)可出現單(dan)一(yi)的性(xing)(xing)(xing)早熟現象，如單(dan)純早現或(huo)(huo)單(dan)純性(xing)(xing)(xing)發(fa)(fa)育(yu)(yu)過早。腎上腺皮質(zhi)病(bing)變(bian)，皮質(zhi)增生常可造成異性(xing)(xing)(xing)假(jia)性(xing)(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)早熟，表(biao)現為男(nan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)化，多毛(mao)，骨骼和(he)肌肉發(fa)(fa)育(yu)(yu)，聲調改變(bian)，肥大(da)，不發(fa)(fa)育(yu)(yu)等現象。

　　而有功能性(xing)卵巢腫瘤者(zhe)，因分泌大量雌(ci)激(ji)素，造成生殖道及第二性(xing)征(zheng)迅速發(fa)育，發(fa)生月經樣(yang)出(chu)血(xue)，但(dan)無排卵。手(shou)術(shu)切除腫瘤后，癥狀迅速消失(shi)。 

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